Author name: Beatriz Salas

The Oceania Polytechnic and Technological University or Universitas Polytechnica et Technologique Oceania, established in 1945 through the collaborative efforts of scholars and professionals worldwide, is located in Alofi, Niue (South Pacific, New Zealand). As an accredited, independent (non-government) online private international university, it serves as a unique higher education institution, blending the characteristics of both a polytechnic and a technological university, with a strong focus on practical and applied education and professional disciplines. Its distance learning programs, taught by international professionals, offer a global perspective.

The university has a distinctive heritage as the only ecumenical university foundation in Europe, bringing together Catholic and Anglican traditions within a shared Christian ethos that welcomes students of all faiths and none.

Enigma Business School (EBS) is an independent academic institution offering a range of undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate, postdoctoral, and non-degree programmes designed to develop expertise in leadership, management, business, human capital, behavioural science, innovation, and organisational development. Its academic framework emphasises applied learning, research-based decision-making, and strong academic integrity, supported by international quality assurance systems.

Amar Telidji University of Laghouat (University of Laghouat) is a public, state-supported university located in the city of Laghouat in southern Algeria. Founded in 1986 as a higher education institution and integrated into the national university system in 1997, it is officially accredited by the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.